Cloud Security: What It Is and How to Get It Right

Cloud security is the set of controls, policies, and tools that protect data, applications, and infrastructure in the cloud. The key idea is the shared responsibility model: the cloud provider secures the cloud, but you are responsible for securing what you put in it. Most cloud breaches trace back to customer-side misconfiguration, not the provider, which is why expert configuration and monitoring matter.

Reviewed by the Best IT MSP research team · Updated 2026-06-19

What is cloud security?

Cloud security is the combination of policies, controls, and technologies that protect data, applications, and infrastructure running in cloud services like Microsoft 365, Azure, and AWS. As businesses move more workloads to the cloud, in a market where public cloud spending is forecast to top $723 billion in 2025[1], securing those environments has become central to protecting the whole business. This guide pairs with our cloud services and cybersecurity services overviews.

Best IT MSP does not sell cloud security. We are an independent directory that vets and merit-ranks providers. This guide explains what to buy, then helps you shortlist verified firms.

The shared responsibility model (the part most teams miss)

The single most important concept in cloud security is the shared responsibility model. The cloud provider secures the underlying cloud, the data centers, hardware, and core services, but you remain responsible for securing what you put in it: your data, user access, configurations, and applications. Many breaches happen because a business assumes the provider handles everything. It does not. Most cloud security failures trace back to customer-side mistakes like misconfiguration and weak access control, not to the cloud platform itself.

The biggest cloud security threats

  • Misconfiguration. Open storage, over-broad permissions, and default settings, the leading cause of cloud incidents.
  • Weak identity and access. Stolen or over-privileged credentials and missing multi-factor authentication.
  • Lack of visibility. Shadow IT and unmanaged accounts no one is watching.
  • Insecure data. Unencrypted or poorly governed data, costly when the average breach reaches $4.88 million[2].
  • Compliance gaps. Cloud setups that do not meet HIPAA, PCI, or other rules.

The core controls of cloud security

  • Identity and access management (IAM). Least-privilege access and multi-factor authentication.
  • Encryption and data protection. Encrypting data at rest and in transit, plus data-loss prevention.
  • Configuration and posture management. Continuously checking cloud settings against secure baselines.
  • Monitoring and detection. Logging and alerting (SIEM) to catch threats fast.
  • Backup and recovery. Tested backups so you can recover from ransomware or deletion.

Cloud security best practices

Start by understanding exactly what you are responsible for under the shared model. Then enforce least-privilege access and multi-factor authentication, encrypt data, harden and continuously check configurations, monitor for threats, and treat compliance as ongoing rather than a one-time project. Train staff, because human error and phishing remain leading causes of cloud incidents. Few small teams can do all of this alone amid a global shortfall of about 4.8 million cybersecurity professionals[3], which is why many partner with a provider.

How to choose a cloud security provider

  • Do they clearly explain the shared responsibility model and your part in it?
  • Can they secure your specific platforms (Microsoft 365, Azure, AWS)?
  • Do they offer configuration management, monitoring, and incident response?
  • Can they map your cloud to the compliance rules you must meet?
  • Will they provide continuous protection, not a one-time setup?

Shortlist three providers, ask each the same questions, and compare. To start from a vetted, merit-ranked list, browse providers by city in the Best IT MSP directory.

Frequently asked questions

What is cloud security?
Cloud security is the combination of policies, controls, and technologies that protect data, applications, and infrastructure running in cloud services such as Microsoft 365, Azure, and AWS. It spans identity and access, encryption, configuration, monitoring, and compliance to keep cloud workloads safe.
What is the shared responsibility model?
The shared responsibility model divides cloud security between the provider and the customer. The cloud provider secures the underlying infrastructure, hardware, and core services, while the customer is responsible for securing their data, user access, configurations, and applications. Misunderstanding this split is a common cause of breaches.
Why is cloud security important?
As businesses move more workloads to the cloud, with public cloud spending forecast to top $723 billion in 2025, the cloud holds critical data and applications. A misconfiguration or compromised account can expose everything, and with the average breach costing $4.88 million, strong cloud security protects the whole business.
What are the biggest cloud security threats?
The leading threats are misconfiguration (open storage and over-broad permissions), weak identity and access such as stolen credentials or missing multi-factor authentication, lack of visibility and shadow IT, insecure or unencrypted data, and compliance gaps. Most incidents trace back to customer-side mistakes, not the cloud platform.
Is cloud security the same as cybersecurity?
Cloud security is a specialized part of cybersecurity focused on protecting cloud environments and the shared responsibility model that governs them. General cybersecurity covers all systems, including on-premises networks and endpoints. The two overlap heavily, and a strong program addresses both together.
How do I choose a cloud security provider?
Look for a provider that clearly explains the shared responsibility model, can secure your specific platforms (Microsoft 365, Azure, AWS), offers configuration management, monitoring, and incident response, can map your cloud to required compliance rules, and provides continuous protection rather than a one-time setup. Shortlist three and compare.

Sources

  1. Gartner, Worldwide Public Cloud End-User Spending Forecast (Nov 2024). https://www.gartner.com/en/newsroom/press-releases/2024-11-19-gartner-forecasts-worldwide-public-cloud-end-user-spending-to-total-723-billion-dollars-in-2025
  2. IBM, Cost of a Data Breach Report 2024. https://www.ibm.com/reports/data-breach
  3. ISC2, 2024 Cybersecurity Workforce Study. https://www.isc2.org/research

Find a cloud security provider you can trust

Best IT MSP is the independent directory of vetted managed IT and cloud security providers across North America. Compare merit-ranked firms in your city, with real ratings and verified data. No pay-to-play.