Cloud Migration Services: Strategies, Phases, and How to Choose

Cloud migration services move your applications, data, and infrastructure to the cloud (or from one cloud to another). Providers plan and execute it in phases (prepare, plan, migrate, operate, optimize) and choose a strategy per workload, from a simple lift-and-shift to a full refactor. Good planning is what separates a smooth migration from a costly, disruptive one.

Reviewed by the Best IT MSP research team · Updated 2026-06-18

What is cloud migration?

Cloud migration is the process of moving your digital assets, applications, data, databases, and IT resources, partly or wholly, into the cloud, or from one cloud to another. Cloud migration services are the planning and execution a provider delivers to do it without breaking your business along the way.

It is a strategic move, not just a technical one, in a market where worldwide public cloud spending is forecast to top $723 billion in 2025[1]. Done well, it brings scalability, lower hardware cost, and faster delivery. Done poorly, it causes downtime, runaway cost, and security gaps, which is why most businesses use a provider. Cloud migration is closely tied to your broader cloud services strategy.

Best IT MSP does not perform migrations. We are an independent directory that vets and merit-ranks providers. This guide explains the process, then helps you shortlist verified firms.

The 7 cloud migration strategies (the 7 Rs)

There is no single way to migrate. A provider picks a strategy per workload from the 7 Rs:

  • Rehost (lift-and-shift). Move as-is to the cloud. Fastest, least optimized.
  • Replatform. Minor changes to gain cloud benefits without a rewrite.
  • Repurchase. Replace with a SaaS product.
  • Refactor. Rewrite the app to be cloud-native. Most effort, most benefit.
  • Retire. Decommission what you no longer need.
  • Retain. Keep certain workloads on-premises for now.
  • Relocate. Move workloads (for example, containers) without changing them.

The phases of a cloud migration

  1. Prepare / discovery. Audit current systems, dependencies, and pain points; set clear KPIs for cost and performance.
  2. Plan / design. Choose the deployment model and provider, design the target architecture, and build the migration plan.
  3. Migrate. Move infrastructure, applications, and data, often a pilot workload first.
  4. Operate / go live. Cut over, validate, and stabilize in production.
  5. Optimize. Tune cost, performance, and security continuously after go-live.

Common cloud migration challenges

  • Weak strategy and unclear KPIs. Many migrations start without defining what success or savings look like.
  • Cost surprises. Poorly planned migrations overspend; cost management must be designed in.
  • Vendor lock-in. Architecture choices can trap you with one provider.
  • Security and compliance. The shared-responsibility model means you must secure your data and configuration. It matters when the average breach costs $4.88 million[2].
  • Downtime risk. Without phased cutover and testing, go-live can disrupt the business.

Why use a cloud migration provider?

Migrations have many moving parts and the skills to run them are scarce, with a global shortfall of about 4.8 million IT and security professionals[3]. A provider brings a repeatable methodology, the right tools, and experience avoiding the failures that sink DIY migrations. They also handle the post-migration optimization that turns the cloud's promise into real savings.

How to choose a cloud migration provider

  • Do they start with a discovery and assessment, not a sales pitch?
  • Can they show a clear methodology and migrations at your scale?
  • Will they define KPIs and a cost plan up front?
  • How do they minimize downtime (pilot, phased cutover, rollback)?
  • Do they handle post-migration cost and security optimization?

Shortlist three, ask each the same questions, and compare. To start from a vetted, merit-ranked list, browse providers by city in the Best IT MSP directory.

Frequently asked questions

What is cloud migration?
Cloud migration is moving your applications, data, and IT resources into the cloud, or from one cloud to another. It can be partial or complete. Cloud migration services are the planning and execution a provider delivers to do it with minimal downtime, cost overrun, and security risk.
What are the 7 Rs of cloud migration?
The 7 Rs are migration strategies chosen per workload: rehost (lift-and-shift), replatform, repurchase, refactor, retire, retain, and relocate. Rehosting is fastest but least optimized; refactoring is the most effort but unlocks the most cloud benefit. Most migrations mix several.
What are the phases of a cloud migration?
A migration typically runs in five phases: prepare/discovery (audit and set KPIs), plan/design (choose model and architecture), migrate (move workloads, often a pilot first), operate/go-live (cut over and validate), and optimize (tune cost, performance, and security continuously).
Why do cloud migrations fail?
Migrations most often fail from weak planning: no clear KPIs, underestimated complexity, inexperienced teams, and ignoring cost and security until late. A phased approach with a discovery stage, a pilot workload, and defined success metrics dramatically reduces the risk.
What is lift-and-shift versus refactoring?
Lift-and-shift (rehosting) moves an application to the cloud unchanged, which is fast but does not use cloud-native features. Refactoring rewrites the application to be cloud-native, which takes far more effort but delivers the most scalability and cost benefit. Many businesses lift-and-shift first, then refactor over time.
How long does a cloud migration take and what does it cost?
It depends entirely on scope, from a few weeks for a small lift-and-shift to many months for a large refactor. Cost is driven by the number and complexity of workloads, the strategy chosen, and downtime tolerance. A discovery phase produces a realistic timeline and budget before work begins.

Sources

  1. Gartner, Worldwide Public Cloud End-User Spending Forecast (Nov 2024). https://www.gartner.com/en/newsroom/press-releases/2024-11-19-gartner-forecasts-worldwide-public-cloud-end-user-spending-to-total-723-billion-dollars-in-2025
  2. IBM, Cost of a Data Breach Report 2024. https://www.ibm.com/reports/data-breach
  3. ISC2, 2024 Cybersecurity Workforce Study. https://www.isc2.org/research

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